Contraception –Which method is most effective?

By Dr Savio Pereira

India has the second largest population in the world, and hence it is the social responsibility of the individual to help the goals of our nation.

Having many unprotected sexual relations before marriage and extra-marital relations after marriage, can lead to a variety of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) including AIDS caused by the HIV virus of which people are generally unaware and end up being victimized.

Let us know the ABC’s of HIV prevention. They are as follows.

A-    Abstinence

B-    Be Faithful (to your spouse)

C-    Condom use

In view of the booming population and poverty in India, it would be ideal to recommend to youth that sexual relationships start after marriage. In married families, it is advisable to plan family size of ideally 1 child and maximum 2 children, in view of our population growth. Planning a family size requires knowledge of contraception.

Conservative Christians and Muslims may need to be advised on following a combination of Natural Family Planning (Billing’s Method) and coitus interruptus.

Natural family planning (Billing’s Method): This works well for some couples, but needs to be properly taught and very scrupulously adhered to. It involves working out which part of the woman's cycle is 'safe' to have sex in without becoming pregnant. No couple should depend upon natural family planning, unless they have been thoroughly taught by an expert. The fertile period usually is in the mid-menstrual cycle when a single egg is released by the woman, and hence to avoid pregnancy couples are advised to avoid sexual intercourse in the 10-16 days of the menstrual cycle. It needs a detailed understanding of the female menstrual cycle.

Coitus interruptus (withdrawal): The man has to withdraw before ejaculation. The problem is that there are often sperm present in the little dribble of pre-come that escapes from most men when they're excited prior to ejaculation. So even if men get good at withdrawing just before they ejaculate, it doesn't necessarily mean that sperm have not started to swim up the vagina.

The methods which are almost 100% effective are a “properly done” vasectomy, female sterilization, and combined pill.

When choosing contraception, people choose non-invasiveness and safety as important factors.

Male Condoms also prevent Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

The table below shows the Effectiveness of various Contraceptive methods.

For further advice on contraception, please meet your gynecologist (for women) and physicians (for men).

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