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An understanding of the paradigm of communication PDF Print E-mail
Written by Virag   
Friday, 09 January 2009 18:19
Introduction to Communication
By Dr Savio Pereira
I. Definition of Communication
Communication is the process to impart data/information/knowledge/thougths/messages in the form of speech, signals, writing or behavior from a sender to a receiver with the use of a medium (or a channel) to create shared understanding.
II. Communication involves the following elements:
1. Sender
2. Message
3. Receiver
4. Channel (Medium)
5. Shared understanding.
III. Steps in Communication
1. Ideation
2. Encoding
3. Transmission
4. Receiving
5. Decoding
6. Action
7. Acceptance
It is the “communication noise” which causes the misunderstandings which arises from a message which has been distorted or misunderstood in the channel of communication.
IV. Types of Human Communication
There are two types of Human Communication Verbal (this includes Verbal and Written Communication) and Non-verbal (This includes Signs, symbols, Body language). Albert Mehrabian has established this classic statistics for the effectiveness of spoken communications.
1. 7% of meaning is in the words that are spoken. 
2. 38% of meaning is paralinguistic (the way that the words are said). 
3. 55% of meaning is in facial expression. 
Mehrabian's model above has become one of the most widely referenced statistics in communications. The theory is particularly useful in explaining the importance of meaning, as distinct from words. Understanding the difference between words and meaning is a vital capability for effective communications and relationships. 
"The essence of lying is in deception, not in words."(John Ruskin, 1819-1900, English social commentator). Let us follow-up on this shared understanding to improve our reasoning from data, information, knowledge and understanding by these written communications.
Figures: Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
References:
1. Communication
           http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication
2. How all human communication fails, except by accident, or a commentary of Wiio's laws
           http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/wiio.html
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